What Are Haemorrhoids?
Haemorrhoids, also known as piles, are swollen veins in the lower part of the rectum and anus. They can cause discomfort, itching, and bleeding, and are a common issue affecting many people. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options is crucial for managing this condition effectively.
Causes of Haemorrhoids
Haemorrhoids can develop due to increased pressure in the rectal area. Common causes include:
- Chronic Constipation: Straining during bowel movements can put pressure on the veins.
- Pregnancy: The growing uterus exerts pressure on the pelvic veins.
- Heavy Lifting: Repeated heavy lifting can increase pressure in the anal area.
- Prolonged Sitting: Sitting for long periods, especially on the toilet, can contribute to haemorrhoids.
Symptoms of Haemorrhoids
Symptoms of haemorrhoids can vary but typically include:
- Rectal Bleeding: Bright red blood on toilet paper or in the toilet bowl.
- Itching or Irritation: Around the anus.
- Pain or Discomfort: Especially during bowel movements.
- Swelling: Around the anus.
Types of Haemorrhoids
- Internal Haemorrhoids: Located inside the rectum, these are usually painless but may cause bleeding.
- External Haemorrhoids: Located under the skin around the anus, these can be painful and cause itching or swelling.
Diagnosis of Haemorrhoids
To diagnose haemorrhoids, a healthcare provider may perform:
- Physical Examination: A visual inspection of the anus and rectum.
- Digital Rectal Exam (DRE): To check for internal haemorrhoids.
- Anoscopy or Sigmoidoscopy: To examine the rectum and lower colon.
Treatment Options for Haemorrhoids
1. Lifestyle Changes
- Increase Fibre Intake: Eating a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help prevent constipation.
- Stay Hydrated: Drinking plenty of water can help soften stool.
- Exercise Regularly: Helps promote healthy bowel function.
2. Home Remedies
- Warm Sitz Baths: Soaking the affected area in warm water can relieve discomfort.
- Over-the-Counter Creams: Medications like hydrocortisone creams can reduce itching and swelling.
- Cold Compresses: Applying ice packs can alleviate swelling and pain.
3. Medical Treatments
- Minimally Invasive Procedures: Techniques such as rubber band ligation, sclerotherapy, or infrared coagulation can treat internal haemorrhoids.
- Surgical Options: In severe cases, a procedure called haemorrhoidectomy may be recommended to remove the haemorrhoids.
When to Seek Medical Help
If you experience severe pain, significant bleeding, or if your symptoms do not improve with home treatments, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider.
Haemorrhoids can be uncomfortable and distressing, but with proper management, symptoms can be alleviated.
To find the best treatment plan for you, book an appointment with us today. Your initial consultation is bulk-billed and does not require a referral.